Lesson Plan: Resources and Development JKBOSE Class 10th Geography

Topic 1: Resources and Development

Learning Objectives

Students will be learning the definition and concept of resources. Students will be introduced to the interactive, interdependent relationship between humankind, technology and the environment.

Learning Outcomes

Students will be able to understand the concept of resources – their finite availability and significance. Students will be able to recall the close integration of resources with humans as a function of their activities.

Materials available in our environment which can be put to use to satisfy our needs and are technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable can be termed as ‘Resources.

To transform these things from their natural state, an interactive relationship between nature, technology and institutions is required. One can interact with nature through technology and create institutions to accelerate their economic development.

Resources are often mistakenly considered to be free gifts of nature. Resources are actually functions of human activities. Humans are an essential component of the natural resources available today. They play an essential role in transforming the resources available in their natural state to a state where they can be put to use.

TOPIC 2:  DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCES

Learning Objectives

Students will learn and understand the issues associated with indiscriminate usage of resources

Students will be learning the definition of terms like equitable distribution, Resource planning, etc.

Learning Outcomes

Students will be able to understand that resources are made for usage but not for exploitation.

Resources are vital for human survival. They also help maintain the quality of life. Human beings have used resources like free gifts which has led to the following problems: Depletion of resources has resulted in stunted growth and development for some vulnerable groups. Accumulation of resources in few hands has divided the society into two segments i.e. haves and have nots. Indiscriminate exploitation of resources has led to global ecological crises such as global warming. ozone layer depletion, environmental pollution and land degradation. To maintain a sustained quality of life and global peace, an equitable distribution of resources very important. If the indiscriminate usage was not stopped, human survival on this planet may be threatened. Resource planning is essential for sustainable existence of all forms of life.

Sustainable existence is an indispensable component of sustainable development.

TOPIC 3 :SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Learning Objectives : Students will be learning the definition of terms like sustainable development Students will be learning about how sustainable development and environment came to be discussed on the international foram

Learning Outcomes : Students will be able to recall the details of the first International Earth Summit. Students will be able to identify and understand the principles behind Agenda 21.

Sustainable development entails development without damaging the environment. It basically proposes that development in the present should not compromise with the needs of the future generations.

Important

Rio de Janeiro Summit or the Earth Summit, 1992 100 heads of states met in Rio de Janeiro in Brazil for the first International Earth Summit in June 1992 to address urgent problems of environmental protection and socio-economic development at the

global level .These leaders signed a Declaration on Global Climatic Change and Biological Diversity. The Rio Convention, endorsed the global Forest Principles and adopted Agenda 21 for achieving. Sustainable Development in the 21st century.

Agenda 21

Nations Conference on Environment and Developmen achieving global It is the part of a declaration signed in 1992 at the United (UNCED) at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It aims at c It is an agenda undertaken to combat environment ustainabledevelopment. damage poverty, disease through global co-operation on shared interests mutual needs and responsibilities Agenda 21 advocates that every local government should draw its own local Agenda 21.

TOPIC 4 :RESOURCE PLANNING

Learning Objectives : Students will be learning about the meaning, steps and significance of resource planning. Students will be learning about India’s efforts for resource planning,

Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to identify which step of resource planning is followed by which step. Students will be able to recognise and retrieve the instances of lack of resources in different states of India Students will be able to retrieve the history of resource planning as a purpose of colonisation.Students will be able to understand the importance of resources.

Planning is essential for judicious use of resources especially in India with enormous diversity in the availability of resources. Availability of resources in different regions is not equal and equitable. Certain regions are self-sufficient in terms of quantity of resources while others face acute shortage. Jharkhand Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh are rich in minerals and coal deposits. Arunachal Pradesh has abundant water but no infrastructural development to utilise it. Rajasthan has abundant solar and wind energy but almost negligible water resources Ladakh and its cold desert has a very rich cultural heritage but it is deficient in water. infrastructure and vital minerals. Hence, balanced resource planning at the national, state, regional and local levels, is of utmost importance.

Resource Planning in India is a complex process which involves 

(1) Identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country. 

(2) Survey, mapping and qualitative and quantitative estimation and measurement of the resources.

(3) Evolution of a planning structure endowed with appropriate technology, skill and institutional set. up for implementing the resource development plans.

(4) Integrating the resource planning and national development plans together.

India has made concerted efforts for achieving the goals of resource planning right from its First Five Year Plan launched after Independence. The availability of resources contributes in the development of any region, but mere availability of resources without any corresponding changes in technology and institutions to use them may hinder development. In India, many regions rich in resources are economically backward and there are various economically rich regions without any resources. The history of colonisation reveals that colonies rich in resources were the main attractions for the foreign invaders. The higher level of technological development of the imperial rulers that made them exploits resources and establishes their supremacy over the colonies. Resources can contribute to development when can be accompanied by appropriate technological development and institutional changes. In India, resource development involves the availability of resources, the technology, quality of human resources and the historical experiences of the people.

TOPIC 5 CONSERVATION OF RESOURCES

Learning Objectives : Students will be learning about the significance of conservation of resources to develop and sustain.

Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to explain cause and effect relationship between irrational usage of resources and environmental problems.Students will be able to identify the people, books and initiatives associated with resource conservation.

Resources are vital for any developmental activity. Irrational consumption and over-utilisation of resources lead to socio-economic and environmental problems. Resource conservation at various levels is important. Inspiring leaders like Gandhiji have talked about the significance of resource conservation. Gandhi said, “There is enough for everybody’s need and not for anybody’s greed.”

Important

Gandhiji believed that the exploitative nature of modern technology leads to depletion of resources globally. He was against mass production. The Club of Rome began advocating resource conservation in 1968. In 1974, Gandhian philosophy was presented by Schumacher in the book “Small is Beautiful.” The Brundtland Commission Report, 1987. introduced the concept of ‘Sustainable Development’ as a means for resource conservation. This was later published in a book called “Our Common Future.” The Earth Summit at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1992 was also important in this regard.

TOPIC 6 :LAND RESOURCES

Learning Objectives: Students will be learning the usage of land as a resource. Students will be learning different ways of land utilisation. Students will be learning the variety of land relief feature.

Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to define the different types/purpose of land utilisation- terms like Cultruable and fallow land. Students will be able to assume the land usage pattern in India.

Students will be able to recall the importance of land and its services to humankind.

Majority of our economic activities are performed on land which makes land an important resource. It supports natural vegetation, wild life, human life, economic activities, transport and communication systems. Land is a finite resource and should be used carefully. 

(1) About 43 per cent of Indian land area is plain, providing facilities for agriculture and industry.

(2) Mountains cover 30 per cent of the total surface area of the country and provide facilities for tourism and ecological aspects.

(3) About 27 per cent of Indian land is covered by plateau and possesses rich reserves of minerals, or fossil fuels and forests.

Land Utilisation:Land resources are used in following ways: 

(1) Forests

(2) Land not available for cultivation

• Barren and waste land
• Land put to non-agricultural uses, e.g. buildings, roads, factories, etc.

(3) Other uncultivated land (excluding fallow land)

• Permanent pastures and grazing land, Land under miscellaneous tree crops groves (not included in net sown area),
• Cultruable waste land (left uncultivated for more than 5 agricultural years).

(4) Fallow lands 

• Current fallow-(left without cultivation for one or less than one agricultural year).
• Other than current fallow-(left uncultivated for the past 1 to 5 agricultural years).

(5) Net sown area

• Area sown more than once in an agricultural year plus net sown area is known as gross cropped area.